science: The Major Branches of Science

science: The Major Branches of Science: Science is a precise investigation of the nature and habits of an article and the regular universe that is built up around estimation, test,...

The Major Branches of Science

Science is a precise investigation of the nature and habits of an article and the regular universe that is built up around estimation, test, perception and definition of laws. There are four significant parts of science; each branch is ordered in various sorts of subjects that covers various territories of studies such us science, material science, math, cosmology and so forth. The four significant parts of science are Mathematics and rationale, organic science, physical science and sociology. The first branch is mathematics & logic. Mathematics and logic manages unique ideas. It goes hand in hand as both are needed in relation to finding out how social sciences and natural sciences work. They are also both needed in forming laws, theories and hypothesis. Even scientist needs this branch of science, as they would not come to a conclusion without any formulation.

Another part of science is Biological science. This then again manages the investigation of living things. Organic science is isolated into various sub subjects. One of them is Zoology. It is a classification under science that centers on the investigation of creature life. The investigation incorporates, and are not constrained to, advancement, characterization of both wiped out and the living, structure and propensities. Zoology additionally manages embryology, which is the investigation of the creatures' advancement of the undeveloped organism, from treatment to baby.

Another classification is Botany. This class is the logical investigation of plants and its life cycle. Remembering for this investigation are the plants sicknesses, multiplication, development, concoction properties, structure and relationship. Nature then again manages the investigation of the earth and its relationship to living beings. The last classification of organic science is Paleontology. This classification of science manages the investigation of ancient period. Fossils are not simply the primary worry in fossil science, it can incorporate any subject that is connected with the past, and at the end of the day it tends to be an investigation of the entire history of humankind and its life on earth.

Sociology is one of the four significant parts of science. This then again is the investigation of the general public and man's relationship to it. This examination incorporates Anthropology, which is the investigation of human conduct and human advancement that thinks about social, social and physical viewpoints. Financial matters are another class under sociology; this science contemplates products and ventures, how they are being made, appropriated and devoured. Social science in the interim is the investigation of human culture; it is more worried in bunch exercises and urban examinations. This examination is a piece of the sociology branch, albeit equivalent with regards to the name, human science is more compound since it utilizes various strategies for basic investigation and examination to think of an end.

Physical science, toward the end in four significant parts of science, has topography, material science, science and space science as its classifications. Space science is the investigation of the brilliant bodies, similar to the stars, cosmic systems, comets and planets, while science is the investigation of various substances, the progressions they experience and their organizations. It tends to be separated also into two, which are the natural and inorganic science. Material science is the investigation of issue and geography is the investigation of the physical property and sythesis of the earth.

Websites for Learning All About Science

1.    Annenberg/CPB Projects' Learner Online

2.    Ask Dr. Universe

3.    Black Hole Gang

4.    Exploratorium

5.    Explore Science

6.    How Stuff Works

7.    Lab: ABC's Online Gateway to Science

8.    Lab Essentials

9.    National Science Foundation

10. Science Learning Network.

Standard Model of Particle Physics

Thompson told us that matter is made up of very small particles called atoms. For a time, the atom was considered the basic particle of matter, which was no longer considered divisible. Later we learned that an atom consists of a nucleus that is found in the center of the atom around which electrons revolve. The nucleus consists of protons and neutrons, and protons and neutrons are made up of quarks. All we know so far is that quarks are basic particles that cannot be further broken down. According to scientists, quarks are made up of smaller ten-dimensional massless strings. But string theory is still a hypothesis

(Fundamental Particles)

Today we know about seventeen basic particles. In the standard model, these 17 particles are arranged in a sequence based on their properties. The standard model divides the particles into two parts. One part of which are called Fermions while the other part is called Bosons. Twelve of these seventeen particles are fermions, while the other five are called bosons.

FERMIONS

In fermions, six particles are called quarks and six are called leptons.

Quacks

There are six types of quark called up, down, charm, strange, top and bottom quark. Two or more quarks combine to form hadrons (e.g. protons, neutrons, etc.). They have the most stable protons and neutrons. Two up and one down quarks combine to form a proton, while one up and two down quarks combine to form a neutron. Charm, Strange, Top and Bottom Quarks are stable for a very short time and immediately turn into up or down quarks.

Leptons

There are also six types of leptons called Electron, Electron Neutrino, Tau, Tau Neutrino, Meon, Meon Neutrino. Tau, Tau neutrons and meon, meon neutrons have more mass than electrons. Due to which they do not become stable and immediately turn into stable particles.

BOSONS

Four particles in bosons are called vector bosons and one is called scalar boson.

(Vector Bosons)

Four types of bosons are called vector bosons. Photon, Gluon, W boson, W boson and Z boson are vector bosons, also called force carriers.

Core forces

(Fundamental Forces)

There are four basic forces in our universe: electromagnetic or Coulomb force, Strong nuclear force, Nuclear force and Gravity force. Who have their own separate force carriers?

Electromagnetic force

Electromagnetic force is between two identical charges or two different charges whose force carriers are photons. Which convey information from one charge to another? Photons are massless particles and travel at the speed of c.

Strong nuclear force

Due to the strong nuclear force, protons with the same charge are bound to each other in the nucleus. Whose force carriers are gluons? There is an electromagnetic force and a strong nuclear force between two charges. When the distance between two identical charges is more than one femtometer, the electromagnetic force is greater so that the charges repel each other. But as soon as the distance is less than one femtometer, a strong nuclear force prevails, which binds two equally charged particles together. Gluons also do not have mass and they also have c speed.

Weak nuclear power

Due to nuclear force, protons are converted into neutrons and neutrons into protons through alpha and beta deca. Its force carriers are called W and ze bosons.

Force of Gravity

Between the two masses there is a force, the force of gravity. Which are explained by the General Theory of Relativity? If there is a force of gravity between two particles, then it must also have a gravitational force carrier, but this force carrier has not yet been discovered, which is why it is not included in the standard model of particle physics.

Scalar boson or Higgs boson

The Higgs boson was most recently discovered in 2012, as predicted by Peter Higgs. For this he was awarded the Nobel Prize. It is also called God Particle. The name became famous in The God Particle, the first book written on the Higgs boson. The Higgs boson produces the Higgs field, which gives the particles mass.