how to make datesheet in vu

CS101 quiz no.1 spring 2020

Coordinate Geometry for mth100 , mth102 lecture 22 to 24 (part 1)

History of chemistry

 The history of chemistry represent  a time in span from ancient history to the present .

By 1000 civilization used technologies that would eventually from the basis of the various branches of chemistry . The protoscience of  chemistry , alchemy was useful explaining the nature of matter and its transformation. The distinction began to merge when a clear diffraction was made between chemistry and alchemy by Robert Boyle in his work the sceptical chemist (1661). While both alchemy and chemistry are concerned with matter and its transformation. Chemists as seen as applying scientific method to their work. The history of chemistry is introduced with the history of thermodynamic.

Short history of biology

The study of life called biology. The term biology originates from two Greek words, which splits are bios mean life and logs mean study.

Also biology is the study of life, living things and evolution of life and it's process.

Biology is subdividing into separate branches for convenience of study, though All the subdivision are interrelated by Basic principles. Botany zoology and microorganisms is the most important branches of biology..

Father of biology (384 322)B.c.E

Aristotle is a Greek philosopher and scientist.  He created the scientific method the process used for scientific investigation.

Mother of biology (1647_1717)

Maria Sibylla Merian is known as the mother of biology. Merian created some of the best kept records of Flora and fauna Germany in 7th century. Merian Sibylla also has known Anna Maria Sibylla. Merian was a very eminent scientist botanist and biology

Introduction to Linguistics (Eng502)

            MA ELT

Introduction to Linguistics (Eng502)

 

Spring 2020

Total Marks: 20

Lectures: 23-34

 

Instructions:

 

·         Upload your assignments in a proper format, i.e. MS word file. Corrupt files will be awarded zero marks.

·         The assignments should be zoomed in at 100%.

·         Please avoid plagiarism; plagiarized work will be marked zero.

·         After the due date, the assignments submitted via email would not be entertained.

·         Please avoid submitting copied assignments; otherwise, such a case would be referred to the discipline committee.

·         The font color should be preferably black and font size 12 Times New Roman.

Lecture 27

Q1. Lexical relations are the relationships of the meanings of the words to other words. All of the lexical relations and meaning properties can be differentiated by looking all the words or sentences. There are many kinds of semantic/lexical relations which can be distinguished by its use in any text or context. Give at least ONE example of each lexical category given below:

1)      Synonymy

My father purchased a large automobile.

My dad bought a big car.

2)      Antonymy

I’m bigger than you.

A goat is smaller than a horse.

3)      Hyponymy

Rose is a hyponym of flower

The band was playing old Beatles songs.

She always ties her hair back in a band.

Many insects are banded black and yellow.

 

 

Metonymy

 one word is put for another that suggests it; as, we say, a man keeps a good table instead of good provisions; we read Virgil, that is, his poems; a man has a warm heart, that is, warm affections.

 

The strings are too quiet (music etc.).

I prefer cable (regarding TV channels).

4)      Homonymy

pupil (at school)

pupil (in the eye)

Wreak – Reek

You have to teach him that getting wreak is not a good thing.

where does this bad reek come from?

 

 (2*5=10 Marks)

Lecture 29

Q2. A deictic expression (or deixis) is a word or phrase that points to the time, place, or situation in which a speaker is speaking. Deictic expressions are the bits of language that we can only understand in terms of the speaker’s intended meaning. Enlist any FIVE words that are the symbols of Personal deixis, and Spatial deixis in English language. Also, use them in sentences (at least TWO) so that speaker’s intended meanings get clarity.

(5+5=10 Marks)

 

Person deixis:  To point to things (it, this, these boxes) and people (I,we,theyhim, them, those)

IT

1 it is beautiful palce

2 it is raining heavily .

I

1 I am going to school

2 Now I am sleeping .

WE

1 we are best friends

2 we are four brother;s

They

1 They are going to lahore

2They have learn their lessons.

HE

1 He is crying

2 He is playing .

Spatial deixis: To point to a location (here, there, this, that, Where)

1)Here

·         plz come here.

·         She does not come here.

2)There

There are many boys

There are three cares on road

3)This

This is my pen.

This is table.

4)That

That car is mine.

He spoke so well that everybody was pleased.

5)Where

Where is he?

Where are you going?

 

 

                                                               

Pak301 GDB

The Current Governmental emphasizes the many aspects to avoid this corona.

         First of all the governments ordered the immediate closure of markets and bazaars. 

        And also close the educational institution.As a matter of emergency .

        People were banned from going to parks and crowded places. 

        Govt. also advises the people to avoid junk foods like fast food due to cause of bad affected on                     human immune system.

         Coronavirus mostly affected those people who have a weak Immune system .

           Govt. also started a campaign for aware people to wash your hands for at least 20 seconds and also             wash face again and again

 

science: The Major Branches of Science

science: The Major Branches of Science: Science is a precise investigation of the nature and habits of an article and the regular universe that is built up around estimation, test,...

The Major Branches of Science

Science is a precise investigation of the nature and habits of an article and the regular universe that is built up around estimation, test, perception and definition of laws. There are four significant parts of science; each branch is ordered in various sorts of subjects that covers various territories of studies such us science, material science, math, cosmology and so forth. The four significant parts of science are Mathematics and rationale, organic science, physical science and sociology. The first branch is mathematics & logic. Mathematics and logic manages unique ideas. It goes hand in hand as both are needed in relation to finding out how social sciences and natural sciences work. They are also both needed in forming laws, theories and hypothesis. Even scientist needs this branch of science, as they would not come to a conclusion without any formulation.

Another part of science is Biological science. This then again manages the investigation of living things. Organic science is isolated into various sub subjects. One of them is Zoology. It is a classification under science that centers on the investigation of creature life. The investigation incorporates, and are not constrained to, advancement, characterization of both wiped out and the living, structure and propensities. Zoology additionally manages embryology, which is the investigation of the creatures' advancement of the undeveloped organism, from treatment to baby.

Another classification is Botany. This class is the logical investigation of plants and its life cycle. Remembering for this investigation are the plants sicknesses, multiplication, development, concoction properties, structure and relationship. Nature then again manages the investigation of the earth and its relationship to living beings. The last classification of organic science is Paleontology. This classification of science manages the investigation of ancient period. Fossils are not simply the primary worry in fossil science, it can incorporate any subject that is connected with the past, and at the end of the day it tends to be an investigation of the entire history of humankind and its life on earth.

Sociology is one of the four significant parts of science. This then again is the investigation of the general public and man's relationship to it. This examination incorporates Anthropology, which is the investigation of human conduct and human advancement that thinks about social, social and physical viewpoints. Financial matters are another class under sociology; this science contemplates products and ventures, how they are being made, appropriated and devoured. Social science in the interim is the investigation of human culture; it is more worried in bunch exercises and urban examinations. This examination is a piece of the sociology branch, albeit equivalent with regards to the name, human science is more compound since it utilizes various strategies for basic investigation and examination to think of an end.

Physical science, toward the end in four significant parts of science, has topography, material science, science and space science as its classifications. Space science is the investigation of the brilliant bodies, similar to the stars, cosmic systems, comets and planets, while science is the investigation of various substances, the progressions they experience and their organizations. It tends to be separated also into two, which are the natural and inorganic science. Material science is the investigation of issue and geography is the investigation of the physical property and sythesis of the earth.

Websites for Learning All About Science

1.    Annenberg/CPB Projects' Learner Online

2.    Ask Dr. Universe

3.    Black Hole Gang

4.    Exploratorium

5.    Explore Science

6.    How Stuff Works

7.    Lab: ABC's Online Gateway to Science

8.    Lab Essentials

9.    National Science Foundation

10. Science Learning Network.

Standard Model of Particle Physics

Thompson told us that matter is made up of very small particles called atoms. For a time, the atom was considered the basic particle of matter, which was no longer considered divisible. Later we learned that an atom consists of a nucleus that is found in the center of the atom around which electrons revolve. The nucleus consists of protons and neutrons, and protons and neutrons are made up of quarks. All we know so far is that quarks are basic particles that cannot be further broken down. According to scientists, quarks are made up of smaller ten-dimensional massless strings. But string theory is still a hypothesis

(Fundamental Particles)

Today we know about seventeen basic particles. In the standard model, these 17 particles are arranged in a sequence based on their properties. The standard model divides the particles into two parts. One part of which are called Fermions while the other part is called Bosons. Twelve of these seventeen particles are fermions, while the other five are called bosons.

FERMIONS

In fermions, six particles are called quarks and six are called leptons.

Quacks

There are six types of quark called up, down, charm, strange, top and bottom quark. Two or more quarks combine to form hadrons (e.g. protons, neutrons, etc.). They have the most stable protons and neutrons. Two up and one down quarks combine to form a proton, while one up and two down quarks combine to form a neutron. Charm, Strange, Top and Bottom Quarks are stable for a very short time and immediately turn into up or down quarks.

Leptons

There are also six types of leptons called Electron, Electron Neutrino, Tau, Tau Neutrino, Meon, Meon Neutrino. Tau, Tau neutrons and meon, meon neutrons have more mass than electrons. Due to which they do not become stable and immediately turn into stable particles.

BOSONS

Four particles in bosons are called vector bosons and one is called scalar boson.

(Vector Bosons)

Four types of bosons are called vector bosons. Photon, Gluon, W boson, W boson and Z boson are vector bosons, also called force carriers.

Core forces

(Fundamental Forces)

There are four basic forces in our universe: electromagnetic or Coulomb force, Strong nuclear force, Nuclear force and Gravity force. Who have their own separate force carriers?

Electromagnetic force

Electromagnetic force is between two identical charges or two different charges whose force carriers are photons. Which convey information from one charge to another? Photons are massless particles and travel at the speed of c.

Strong nuclear force

Due to the strong nuclear force, protons with the same charge are bound to each other in the nucleus. Whose force carriers are gluons? There is an electromagnetic force and a strong nuclear force between two charges. When the distance between two identical charges is more than one femtometer, the electromagnetic force is greater so that the charges repel each other. But as soon as the distance is less than one femtometer, a strong nuclear force prevails, which binds two equally charged particles together. Gluons also do not have mass and they also have c speed.

Weak nuclear power

Due to nuclear force, protons are converted into neutrons and neutrons into protons through alpha and beta deca. Its force carriers are called W and ze bosons.

Force of Gravity

Between the two masses there is a force, the force of gravity. Which are explained by the General Theory of Relativity? If there is a force of gravity between two particles, then it must also have a gravitational force carrier, but this force carrier has not yet been discovered, which is why it is not included in the standard model of particle physics.

Scalar boson or Higgs boson

The Higgs boson was most recently discovered in 2012, as predicted by Peter Higgs. For this he was awarded the Nobel Prize. It is also called God Particle. The name became famous in The God Particle, the first book written on the Higgs boson. The Higgs boson produces the Higgs field, which gives the particles mass.